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The word "proxy" refers to a proxy also referred to a proxy server a server software that serves as an intermediary between a client and server over the internet. Without proxy servers, users would make a request resources directly to a server and the server would then provide the resource directly back to the user. This method is simple to grasp and use but using proxies has benefits such as enhanced performance as well as privacy, security and more. As an additional pass-through layer the proxy functions as a security layer for the internet between clients and servers.




Generally speaking, the combined combination of hardware and software for servers coupled with installed proxy software is sometimes referred to as proxy servers. This article will concentrate on proxies typically considered to be software, and specifically with regard to servers on the internet. This article will give an explanation of the two main types of proxies, which are forward proxy and the reverse. reverse proxy. Each type has its own use case, often confused due to the overlapping terminology.




This article will provide the knowledge of what proxies are and which subtypes they belong to and the way they work in a variety of configurations. In this article, you'll be able to recognize the situations where it is beneficial to use a proxy and choose the correct solution between forward proxy and reverse proxy for any situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



A forward proxy, also referred to an open proxy acts as an intermediary for clients trying to make a request via the internet to connect to a source server. In this situation the entire attempt to send requests by the user is made through the forward proxy. The forward proxy, acting as a substitute of the client, will take a look into the request. It will determine if the client can accept requests from this specific forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect it to the original server. The client is not capable of having an internet connection directly. It can access only what forward proxy allows the client to connect.




A common use case of forward proxies is to gain greater privacy or security on the internet. A forward proxy accesses the internet using the user, and in that process it could use a different IP address in addition to the initial IP address of the client.




Depending on how it has been configured in accordance with the method of configuration forward proxy can offer a range of features and allow you to:




Beware of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on the geolocation of your home.




Forward proxies can also be used in systems that rely on central security and access based on permissions, like in a workplace. If all internet traffic flows through a forward proxy open layer an administrator can grant access only to a select group of people to connect on the internet, and this is filtered by an common firewall. Instead of creating firewalls for the client layer, which could be used by multiple computers that have different configurations, environment, the firewall can be installed at the layer that forwards proxy traffic.




It is important to remember that forward proxies must be manually configured for use and reverse proxies may not be noticed by the user. Based on the type of the IP address that a user is sent to the server where it originated through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity can be granted or denied.




There are a number of options to consider forward proxy options:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server that offers forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another well-known open source server for web hosting with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy based on the HTTP protocol. It's not the full web server system. You can refer to our step-by-step instructions to set up Squid proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy which uses the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP this is more appropriate for situations like peer-topeer traffic. It is also possible to look into how to setup a Dante proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary for web servers, which handles incoming requests from customers on its behalf. This web server can serve as a single server or as a series of servers. It could also serve for application servers such as Gunicorn. In any event, a request would come via the internet at large. Typically the request would go directly to the web server with what the client wants. Reverse proxy, however, functions as an intermediary, protecting the web server from direct communication with the internet's open.




From a consumer's point of view the experience of interacting using reverse proxy isn't much different from working with the server itself. It's the same, but clients aren't able tell the distinction. The client is able to request the resource and receive it, without any additional configuration required on the part of the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide options like:




Centralized security for the web server layer.


Traffic coming into your site is routed according to the rules you establish.


The caching functionality has been added to the app.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy services, reverse proxy providers this service for the Web server layer, but not the client layer. Instead of maintaining firewalls on Web server layers, which could include several servers that have different configurations, the bulk of firewall security can be concentrated at reverse proxy layers. In addition, getting rid of the responsibility of working with firewalls as well as interacting with requests from clients outside of web servers permits them to concentrate on the needs of their customers.




If there are several servers working through a reverse proxy the reverse proxy also is responsible for directing the flow of requests to each server. There may be many web servers providing the exact same service, all offering various kinds of resources or a mixture of both. These servers could be running the HTTP protocol to function as a traditional web server. However, they can also include application server protocols like FastCGI. It is possible to configure a reverse proxy to direct users to a specific server based on the service being requested or to adhere to specific rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also have the ability to benefit from their position ahead of web servers, offering the capability to store information. Massive static resources can be configured by caching rules so that they do not prevent Web servers from getting hit on every request. Certain software solutions let you provide static files directly without connecting to the web server in any way. Additionally, the reverse proxy could manage the compression of these files.




The popular Nginx web server can also be an effective reverse proxy service. While you can use it, Apache web server as a reverse proxy, it is an additional option for Apache and Nginx was originally designed for and is specifically focused on reverse proxy capabilities.



The distinction between Between Forward and Reverse Proxy Cases



Since "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false comparisons with "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic the labels could be confusing because both kinds of proxies are capable of handling both requests and responses. Another method of separating between reverse and forward proxy is to look at the specifications of the application that you are creating.




Reverse proxy could be helpful when creating an infrastructure to support web applications on the internet. They act as your web server for all interactions over the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when placed in front of customers for your own use or within an organization. They are a representation of the customer's data whenever you interact on the internet.




Differentiating by case of use instead of focusing solely on standard naming conventions can assist you in making sure that there is no confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified the significance of a proxy that has two types: the forward proxy and the reverse proxy. Practical examples of use along with an examination of useful features were used to define the two types of proxies that are reverse and forward. If you're looking to know more about the possibilities of proxies then we recommend you read our guide on how you can install Nginx for use as a web server and reverse proxy on Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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